Which drug is often implicated in causing peptic ulcers?

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently implicated in the development of peptic ulcers due to their mechanism of action and effects on the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. NSAIDs work by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which play a crucial role in the production of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are protective factors in the stomach lining, helping to maintain mucosal integrity, promote mucus secretion, and stimulate bicarbonate production. When NSAIDs reduce prostaglandin levels, it can lead to decreased mucosal protection, making the gastric epithelium more susceptible to damage from gastric acid and other irritants.

The risk of ulceration increases with the duration of NSAID use and the presence of other risk factors such as advanced age, history of ulcers, or concurrent use of corticosteroids. Understanding the role of NSAIDs in ulcer formation is essential for healthcare providers, especially when managing patients who may require long-term pain management or anti-inflammatory treatment.

Other drug classes such as antibiotics, antihypertensives, and statins do not have the same well-established role in predisposition to peptic ulcers as NSAIDs do. Antibiotics are primarily used to treat infections, antihypertens