What does the term "differential diagnosis" refer to?

The term "differential diagnosis" specifically refers to the process of distinguishing a particular disease or condition from others that may present with similar clinical features. This process is crucial in clinical practice, as many diseases may have overlapping symptoms, and the accurate identification of the specific condition can significantly impact treatment decisions and patient outcomes.

Rather than simply identifying a disease based on symptoms, differential diagnosis involves a systematic approach where a healthcare provider considers a range of possible conditions that could cause the symptoms exhibited by the patient. This may involve reviewing the patient's medical history, considering potential laboratory test results, and evaluating the clinical findings to narrow down the possibilities. By focusing on the differential diagnosis, healthcare professionals ensure that they do not miss critical conditions that require different management strategies, leading to safer and more effective patient care.