In adults, what can be a complication of untreated acute bronchitis?

Acute bronchitis is typically a self-limiting respiratory illness, but if left untreated, it can lead to more serious complications, specifically pneumonia. When the airways are inflamed and an infection is present, the body may become less capable of clearing secretions, which can create an environment conducive to microbial growth. This situation can allow bacteria or viruses to progress from the bronchi to the lung parenchyma, resulting in pneumonia, an infection that affects the air sacs in the lungs.

Pneumonia represents a significant health risk, particularly in individuals who may already have compromised lung function or are at increased risk due to age or comorbidities. It is crucial for healthcare providers to recognize the signs and symptoms of acute bronchitis and to manage the condition effectively to prevent this complication. Chronic bronchitis, asthma, or lung fibrosis typically develop from long-term exposure to irritants or recurrent infections rather than as immediate complications of untreated acute bronchitis. Hence, pneumonia is the most relevant and critical complication to consider.